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2. Strip off ALL wet clothes.
you are on the verge of hypothermia
3. If the patient is only mildly impaired:
" Make camp! Forestall exhaustion.
a. Give him warm drinks.
Make camp while you still have a
reserve of energy. Allow for the fact
b. Get him into dry clothes and warm
that exposure greatly reduces your
sleeping bag. Well wrapped, warm (not
normal endurance.
hot) rocks or canteens will hasten
recovery.
You may think you are doing fine when in fact
4. If the patient is semi-conscious or worse:
your exercising is the only thing preventing
a. Try to keep him awake. Give warm
your going into hypothermia. If exhaustion
drinks.
forces you to stop, however briefly:
" Your rate of body heat production
b. Leave him stripped. Put him in a
instantly drops by 50% or more.
sleeping bag with another person
(also stripped).
" Violent, incapacitating shivering may
c. If you have a double bag, put the
begin immediately.
victim between two warm donors. Skin
55
Winter Storms
to skin contact is the most effective
treatment at this point.
d. Build a fire to warm the camp.
Think Hypothermia
If you are outdoors for recreation, you
presumably do not intend to jeopardize your
life. Hypothermia may be a new word to you
but it's the ONLY word that describes the
rapid, progressive mental and physical
collapse accompanying the chilling of the inner
core of the human body. Hypothermia is
caused by exposure to cold, aggravated by wet,
wind and exhaustion. It is the No. 1 killer of
outdoor recreationists.
1. Take heed of hypothermia weather.
2. Watch carefully for warning symptoms.
3. Choose equipment with hypothermia in
mind.
4. Think hypothermia.
56
Flood
6. Keep materials like sandbags, plywood,
plastic sheeting, and lumber handy for
Flood
emergency waterproofing.
7. Keep your insurance policies and a list of
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
personal property in a safe place, such as a
Administration ( NOAA), through its Weather
safe deposit box. Know the name and
Service's River Forecast Centers and River
location of the agent(s) who issued these
District Offices, issues flood forecasts and
policies.
warnings when rainfall is enough to cause
8. Buy flood insurance. Protection against
rivers to overflow their banks and when melting
loss due to floods is not covered under a
snow may combine with rainfall to produce
homeowner's policy. You should contact
similar effects.
your property/casualty agent or broker about
Flood warnings are forecasts of impending
eligibility for flood insurance, which is
floods and are distributed to the public by
offered through the National Flood
radio and television and through local
Insurance Program (NfiP). Generally, there
government emergency personnel. The
is a five-day waiting period for this policy to
warning message indicates the expected
become effective, so don't wait until the last
severity of flooding (minor, moderate, or
minute to apply. Generally, any contents
major), the affected river or lake, and when and
contained in a walled and roofed structure
where flooding will begin. Careful preparations
can be covered. However, the contents
and prompt response will reduce property loss
must be insured separately. Flood
and ensure personal safety.
insurance will not cover such things as gas
and liquid storage tanks, landscaping,
Flash flood warnings are the most urgent type
sidewalks, crops, pollutants, septic tanks,
of flood warning issued and are transmitted to
roads, motor vehicles, valuable papers
the public over radio, television, and by other
(such as deeds, accounts, currency, etc.),
means established by local needs.
livestock or pets.
Area radio and television stations usually
9. Protect your valuables by transferring them
broadcast the latest flood information and
to floors above projected flood levels and
warnings. However, more specific advice and
enclose them in polyethylene sacks.
instructions will be given through local media
10. Have 72-hour emergency supplies ready,
by local government.
in portable container. Store in location for
easy access near main exit of home.
Before the Flood
11. Stay tuned to your emergency radio station
1. Find out if your residence is located in a for instructions. (AM 1160 or KSL channel
probable flood plain so you can determine 5).
if you may be flooded. This information
may be obtained from the local City or
When You Receive a Flood
County Engineering Department. Make
Warning
advance plans (what to do and where to go)
for a flood emergency.
1. Store drinking water in closed, clean
containers. Water service may be
2. Keep a stock of food which requires little
interrupted.
cooking and no refrigeration; electric power
may be interrupted.
2. If flood is likely, and time permits, move
essential items and furniture to upper floors
3. Keep portable radio, emergency cooking
of your house.
equipment, lights, and flashlights in working
order.
3. If time permits, before leaving home, cut off
all electric circuits at the fuse panel or
4. Keep first aid and critical medical supplies
disconnect switch. If this is not possible,
(prescriptions, insulin, etc.) at hand.
turn off or disconnect all electrical
5. Keep your automobile fueled; if electrical
appliances. Shut off the water service and
power is cut off, filling stations may not be
gas valves in your home. (Before making
able to operate pumps for several days.
announcements on shutting off gas valves,
57
Flood
local officials should check with the gas
5. Use flashlights, not lanterns or torches, to
company.)
examine buildings; flammable substances
4. Turn off the main water valve to trap the may be inside.
maximum amount of uncontaminated water
6. Report broken utility lines to police, fire, or
in your home.
other appropriate authorities. Telephone
5. If forced or advised to leave your home, numbers of local agencies, as well as
move to a safe area before access is cut emergency numbers for our area, should be
off by flood water. published and broadcast by the local
media.
6. Take 72-hour emergency kits with you plus [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]