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legitimate use and continued possession by criminals and terrorists. The concept is judged a failure that will encourage black markets in controlled materials as terrorists continue to fabricate bombs from basic materials. Keyword(s): technology; antiterrorism; chemical terrorism; future trends Pasternak, Douglas, and Bruce B. Auster. "Terrorism at the Touch of a Keyboard," U.S. News and World Report, 125, No. 2, July 13, 1998, 37. CIA director George Tenet recently informed Congress that at least a dozen countries, some hostile to America, are developing programs to attack other countries' information and computer systems. To help industries protect themselves from both foreign and domestic hacker attacks, the government has established the National Infrastructure Protection Center, which will be staffed by 125 people from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, other agencies, and industry. Keyword(s): cyberterrorism; information assurance; antiterrorism; counterterrorism; combating terrorism Paula, Greg. "Crime-Fighting Sensors," Mechanical Engineering, 120, January 1998, 66-68. A range of technologies are being developed that can sense ceramic weapons, plastic explosives, chemical weapons, and organic materials. These technologies would help protect citizens from terrorism and aid police in solving crimes. Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico, has developed an explosives-detection portal based on preconcentrator technology. The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, has developed an imaging system to detect plastic explosives. In addition, Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York, has developed a sensor to detect chemical weapons. Keyword(s): technology; biological agent detection; inspection of carry-on luggage; biological terrorism; CBRNC; antiterrorism; combating terrorism; chemical terrorism Paulsgrove, Robin F. "It Can Happen Here," NFPA Journal, 90, March-April 1996, 35. The first worldwide conference on fire and emergency response to terrorism was held at the end of 1995 as a result of the Oklahoma City bombing. The conference concentrated on preparing for, mitigating, and responding to terrorist events. Domestic and international case studies were presented, each focusing on the same theme: the need to develop a cooperative partnership with local law enforcement and emergency medical agencies, along with a coordinated incident command system, prior to a possible crisis. Keyword(s): first responders; building rescue and evacuation; antiterrorism; combating terrorism 131 Library of Congress Federal Research Division Future Trends in Terrorism Perle, Richard N., and Stansfield Turner. International Terrorism. College Park, Maryland: University of Maryland, School of Public Affairs, and the Norman and Florence Brody Family Foundation, 1997. In this edited transcript, Richard N. Perle, a former Department of Defense official, and Stansfield Turner, a former director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), debate the question: Should the United States be more willing to use military force against international terrorists? Perle argues the positive, whereas Turner argues the negative. Interestingly enough, both speakers more or less agree that military action should not be ruled out. However, it should only be used when force is the best option. Keyword(s): terrorism (general); combating terrorism; counterterrorism; antiterrorism Peters, Katherine McIntire. "Deadly Strike," Government Executive, 29, No. 7, July 1997, 22-27. The threat of biological and chemical weapons attacks by extremist groups hostile to the government is real. Biological and chemical weapons have long been considered the poor nation's nuclear weapon, because they are comparatively easy and cheap to develop and use, and can kill thousands. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Director Louis Freeh is so concerned about terrorism in the United States that he had tripled the bureau's counterterrorism force over the last three years, raising to 2,600 the number of FBI personnel dedicated to the effort. The Central Intelligence Agency has created a Terrorism Warning Group, whose sole mission is to make sure that civilian and military leaders are alerted to specific terrorist threats. The Federal Emergency Management Agency is heading up an interagency
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